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Vim

Operators and motions

  • Every motion can be used after an operator command, so the command operates on the text comprised by the movement's reach.
  • If the motion includes a count and the operator also had a count before it,the two counts are multiplied. For example: 2d3w deletes six words.
  • Two repeated operators operate on the current line. For example: g~~/guu/gUU change case of all characters in a line

Operators

  • d delete
  • c change
  • y yank into register
  • g~ swap case
  • gu/U make lowercase / uppercase
  • `` shift left / right
  • zf define a fold

Word motions

  • w next word (beginning)
  • b beginning of this word or previous word
  • e end of this word or next word
  • ge end of previous word

Left-right motions

  • 0 To the first character of the line
  • ^ To the first non-blank character of the line
  • $ To the end of the line
  • f/F{char} To the {count}'th occurrence of {char} to the right / left.
  • t/T{char} Till before {count}'th occurrence of {char} to the right / left of the cursor on the same line. The cursor is placed on the character left / right of {char}
  • ; Repeat latest f, t, F or T {count} times
  • , Repeat latest f, t, F or T in opposite direction {count} times

Up-down motions

  • {count}Enter/j/gj/+ {count} lines downward
  • {count}Enter/k/gk/- {count} lines upward

Text object motions

  • ( / ) {count} sentences backward / forward
  • { / } {count} paragraphs backward / forward
  • [[ / ]] {count} sections backward / forward
  • A sentence is defined as ending at a . or ! or ? followed by either the end of a line, or by a space or tab.
  • A paragraph begins after each empty line.
  • A section begins after a form-feed (<C-L>) in the first column

Text object selection

  • a/iw around / inner word[sd[sdas]a]
  • a/is around / inner sentence
  • a/ip around / inner paragraph
  • a/it around / inner tag, select {count} tag blocks, from the {count}'th unmatched <tag> backwards to the matching </tag>
  • a/ib or ( / ) a / inner block
  • a/iB or { / } a / inner {} block
  • a/i [/]//'/"/` a / inner ... block

Jumps

  • * To the next occurrence of the word under the cursor
  • # To the previous occurrence of the word under the cursor
  • /{string} To the next occurrence of {string}
  • ?{string} To the previous occurrence of {string}
  • n Repeat latest search in same direction

  • N Repeat latest search in opposite direction

  • :[range] Set the cursor on the last line number in [range]

  • gg/G Go to line {count}, default first / last line, on the first non-blank character
  • {count}% Go to {count} percentage in the file, on the first non-blank in the line
  • H top of screen
  • M middle of screen
  • L bottom of screen

  • % corresponding item

  • g; Go to {count} older position in change list

  • g, Go to {count} newer position in change list
  • `{a-z/A-Z} To the position of the specified mark
  • '{a-z/A-Z} To the first non-blank character in the line of the specified mark
  • ``/'' To the position before the latest jump

Other Operator

  • p paste
  • x delete character, equal to dl
  • o/O insert line below / above
  • s/S substitute character / line, equal to cl/cc
  • C change character to end of line
  • u undo
  • U restore the line to initial state
  • <C-R> redo

Other Commands

File

  • :e {relative path} open or create a file
  • :q close window
  • :w save(write)
  • :wq save and quit
  • :q! force quit and unsave
  • :wq! force quit and save

Fold

  • zo open fold
  • zc close fold
  • za open / close fold
  • zR open all folds
  • zM close all folds
  • zf define a fold
  • zd delete a fold

Substitute

  • :{scope}s/{from}/{to}/{tag}
  • {scope}: default is current line
    • % all lines in file
    • 10,20 from tenth line to twentieth line
    • 1,$ from first line to last line
    • .,$ from current line to last line
    • 'a,'b from line with mark a to line with mark b
    • '<,'> from the scope selected in visual mode
  • {tag}: default is substiting the first matched string
    • g globally in scope
    • c prompt for each substitution
    • i/I case insensitive / sensitive

Mark

  • m{a-z/A-Z} Set mark at cursor position
  • a-z for in-file mark
  • A-Z for global mark

Multiple Windows

  • :sp split windows horizontally
  • :vsp split windows vertically

Macro

  • q{a-z} record a macro into register
  • q stop recording
  • {count}@{a-z} replay a macro {count} times 
    # My Macro

@l:insert list
### 0i-<Esc>j

@s:insert list and space
### 0i- <Esc>j

@p:chang list to pound, often used when paste commands from command-line manual
### 0r#jjdd
  • gt/T switch tab forward / backward
  • {num}gt switch to {num}'th tab
  • {num}gT switch num tabs backward
  • <C-0> Focus on Side Bar, and L to open selected file
  • <C-{num}> Focus on {num}'th Group