PyQt

控件¶

应用程序¶

QApplication(argv: List[str])

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

app.exec() 使程序保持运行

窗口桌面¶

QWidget(
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None,
    flags: Union[Qt.WindowFlags, Qt.WindowType] = Qt.WindowFlags()
)
QDesktopWidget()

w = QWidget()
screen = QDesktopWidget()

w.setWindowTitle(title) 设置窗口标题
w.setWindowIcon(QIcon) 设置窗口 icon
- QIcon = PyQt5.QtGui.QIcon(icon_path) 图片会变形为正方形
w.setLayout 设置窗口布局
w.setStyleSheet(styleSheet) 设置窗口样式
- w.setStyleSheet("background-color:green;") 背景颜色会变为绿色

w.resize(w, h) 调整窗口大小
w.setFixedSize(w, h) 设置固定尺寸
w.setFixedWidth(w, h) 设置固定宽度
w.setFixedHeight(w, h) 设置固定高度

w/screen.frameGeometry() 获得 QRect 类
w/screen.frameGeometry().getRect() 获得边界矩阵，形式为 (x, y, w, h)
center = w/screen.frameGeometry().center() 获得中点
center.x() 获得中点的 x 坐标
center.y() 获得中点的 y 坐标

文本¶

QLabel(
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None,
    flags: Union[Qt.WindowFlags, Qt.WindowType] = Qt.WindowFlags()
)
QLabel(
    text: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None,
    flags: Union[Qt.WindowFlags, Qt.WindowType] = Qt.WindowFlags()
)

label = QLabel(text, w)

label.setGeometry(x, y, w, h) 设置控件位置
label.setText(text) 设置文本内容
label.setFixedSize(w, h) 设置固定尺寸

输入框¶

QLineEdit(
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)
QLineEdit(
    contents: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)

edit = QLineEdit(text, w)

edit.setGeometry(x, y, w, h) 设置控件位置
edit.setText(text) 设置文本内容
edit.setFixedSize(w, h) 设置固定尺寸
edit.setPlaceholderText(text) 设置占位文本，在无文本时显示

按钮¶

QPushButton(parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None)
QPushButton(
    text: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)
QPushButton(
    icon: QIcon,
    text: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)

QRadioButton(parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None)
QRadioButton(
    text: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)

btn = QPushButton(text, w)
btn = QRadioButton(text, w)

btn.setGeometry(x, y, w, h) 设置控件位置
btn.setText(text) 设置文本内容
btn.setFixedSize(w, h) 设置固定尺寸

btn.clike.connect(slot) 绑定鼠标左键按下
btn.cliked.connect(slot) 绑定鼠标左键释放

布局¶

QBoxLayout¶

QVBoxLayout()
QVBoxLayout(parent: QWidget)

QHBoxLayout()
QHBoxLayout(parent: QWidget)

v_layout = QVBoxLayout()
h_layout = QHBoxLayout()

box.addWidget(widget, alignment=Qt.Alignment()) 添加控件
- 对齐标志在 PyQt5.QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag，包括 AlignTop, AlignBottom, AlignLeft, AlignRight AlignCenter, AlignVCenter, AlignVCenter 等
box.addStretch(stretch=0) 添加伸缩量，用以控制控件之间距离的比例
box.addLayout(layout) 添加布局

QGroupBox¶

QGroupBox(parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None)
QGroupBox(
    title: str,
    parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None
)

# 可用于嵌套布局，如
box1 = QGroupBox()
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(widget)
vbox.addWidget(widget)
box1.setLayout(vbox)

box2 = QGroupBox()
hbox = QHBoxLayout()
hbox.addWidget(widget)
hbox.addWidget(widget)
box2.setLayout(hbox)

layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(box1)
layout.addWidget(box2)
w.setLayout(layout)

QGridLayout¶

QGridLayout(parent: QWidget)
QGridLayout()

grid = QGridLayout()

grid.addWidget(widget) 默认沿竖排排列
grid.addWidget(widget, row, column[, alignment])
grid.addWidget(widget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan[, alignment])

grid.addLayout(widget, row, column[, alignment])
grid.addLayout(widget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan[, alignment])

QFormLayout¶

QFormLayout(parent: typing.Optional[QWidget] = None)

form_layout = QFormLayout()

form_layout.addRow(label, field)
form_layout.addRow(labelText, field)

QStackedLayout¶

QStackedLayout()
QStackedLayout(parent: QWidget)
QStackedLayout(parentLayout: QLayout)

stacked_layout = QStackedLayout()

# 将多个界面添加进布局中
w1 = QWidget()
w2 = QWidget()
stacked_layout.addWidget(w1)
stacked_layout.addWidget(w2)

# 创建按钮用来切换界面
btn_press1 = QPushButton("Main Interface")
btn_press2 = QPushButton("Setting Interface")
btn_press1.clicked.connect(btn_press1_clicked)
btn_press2.clicked.connect(btn_press2_clicked)

# 创建布局用来安放所有布局与控件
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addLayout(stacked_layout)
layout.addWidget(btn_press1)
layout.addWidget(btn_press2)
w.setLayout(layout)

def btn_press1_clicked():
    stacked_layout.setCurrentIndex(0)

def btn_press2_clicked():
    stacked_layout.setCurrentIndex(1)